
Which Water is the Healthiest?
Distilled, Tap, Reverse Osmosis,
Filtered?
When considering the benefits of home water
filtration products over tap
and bottled water, first keep in mind that there are
no bad systems.
Any water filter is better than no
filter.
The important thing to learn is simply which product
produces the
healthiest water and represents the best value. Quality
home
water filtration can offer significantly better water than
tap or
bottled water at a fraction of the cost.
Determining the best system is a simple matter
of
comparing the product's performance to other alternatives.
The performance of a particular water filtration system
can
be easily verified by reviewing its Performance Data
Sheet,
which lists all the contaminants it is certified to remove
and
to what degree. The law in
California and
several other
states requires that this information be included as part
of
the company's literature along with the ongoing
replacement
cartridge cost, and that a copy be enclosed with each
product.
Typically this information will be available on a
manufacturers
web site unless the company is not too proud of it.
Some
manufacturers do not make this information readily
available,
as it allows easy comparison with other legitimate
products.
By comparing each products contaminant reduction
capabilities,
system cost and ongoing cost per gallon, it is easy to
determine
which product best fits your needs.
Top 10 Brands Comparison
It is also important to look at the advantages and
disadvantages
of other products or technologies even though they are
not
leading brands; such is the case with reverse osmosis
and
distillation systems. Although none of the leading
brands
employ either of these demineralization techniques, as
their
popularity has declined in recent years, there is an
ongoing
debate over the healthfulness of demineralized water vs.
filtered
water with minerals. While there are studies that argue
both
sides of this debate, after 15 years of specialized study
of
water quality and health, we feel that drinking naturally
balanced
water with minerals instead of demineralized water just
makes more sense.
From a non-scientific
perspective, the simple fact that nowhere
on this planet do we find naturally occurring demineralized
water,
should tell us that we were not meant to have it. In nature
all fresh
water contains traces of natural minerals like calcium,
magnesium
and potassium, which is what the body was designed to run on
and
what the Aquasana system provides.
On a more scientific level, there are several very credible
research
reports and books that stress the more recent opinion that
long-
term consumption of demineralized water can in fact be
dangerous.
Dr. Zolton Rona, author of The Joy of Health, states that
"the longer
one consumes distilled water, the more likely the
development of
mineral deficiencies and an acid state." Dr. Paavo
Airola, cancer expert
and author of How to Get Well, and Cancer...
Causes, Prevention and
Healing also reports that "long-term consumption of
distilled water
eventually results in multiple mineral deficiencies." After
a multi year
study, the World Health Organization concludes that
"drinking water
should contain minimum levels of certain essential
minerals."
Two very negative things happen when we consume water that
has
been stripped of its natural minerals. First, because
demineralized
water contains more hydrogen it is an acid with a pH below
7. Any
time we consume an acid substance, our bodies will pull
minerals
from our teeth and bones to produce bicarbonate in order to
neutralize
the acid. Second, it has been proven that when body fluids
become
more acid than alkaline the production of free radicals
increases,
causing an increased risk of cancer. Many studies suggest
that cancer
cells can grow only in an acid environment. This theory
seems to be
supported by the fact that around the world, the areas where
people
live the longest, most disease-free lives are the areas that
have the
most alkaline water, water with the highest mineral
content.
Reverse osmosis and distillation were first developed over
40 years
ago for the printing and photo processing industries, which
require
mineral free water. Because of the popularity of and demand
for
home water treatment products many companies have
marketed
these products as "state-of-the-art" drinking water
systems,
which they simply are not. Often these products are
marketed
by using a demonstration that measures the TDS (total
dissolved solids)
and implies that this measurement shows the systems
effectiveness
at removing contaminants. TDS meters measure the
dissolved
minerals in water, primarily calcium and magnesium, and
have
little or nothing to do with contaminant
levels.
Point-of-Use
Distillation:
This process passes water over a heated coil, causing the water
to vaporize and become gaseous. The steam then rises and
transfers
to a cooling chamber, where it condenses back into a liquid.
This
process separates water from inorganic compounds like lead,
calcium,
magnesium, etc. Distillation also destroys bacteria. This
process is
not very effective at removing organic chemicals, since they
typically
vaporize at a lower temperature than water does and are
transferred
in the steam. A distiller should always be used in
conjunction with a
carbon filter. Distillers produce water at a very slow rate
and at a
per-gallon cost of 20 to 26 cents a
gallon.
Reverse Osmosis (R.O.):
This is a process that exposes water under pressure to a semi
permeable membrane with a very fine pore structure.
Because
most inorganic contaminants have a larger molecular size
than
water, the membrane rejects certain contaminants,
minerals
and a large part of the water. The portion of water that
passes
through the membrane is stripped of inorganic compounds
and
trace minerals. Because many synthetic chemicals, such
as
herbicides and pesticides are smaller, molecularly, than
water,
an R.O. system must also be used in conjunction with a
carbon
filter. R.O. systems require adequate water pressure
and
extensive maintenance. Because most point-of-use R.O.
systems
produce less than 1 gallon per hour, they require a
diaphragmed
storage tank. Reverse osmosis typically wastes 2 to 3
gallons of
water for every gallon it produces and costs 18 to 24 cents
per gallon.
Pitchers and Carafe-Style
Filters:
In recent years these types of filters have emerged as low-cost
alternatives to tap water and bottled water. Keeping in
mind
that any filter is better than no filter, these products are
by far
the least effective and the most costly to use. Pitchers
and
carafe filters are sold on the "Polaroid principle"... sell
the
camera cheap and make it up on the film sales. The
result
is the same with these pour-through pitcher filters:
lower
quality at a higher price. The average pitcher filter sells
for
around $25 and includes one 30-gallon cartridge.
Because
of the small size of these cartridges, they have very
limited
effectiveness and a low capacity. While pour-through
filters
do offer a slightly improved alternative to tap water, they
by
no means offer the quality, convenience and economy of
the
Aquasana system.
Carbon Block and Granular Carbon
Filters:
These are the most common styles of countertop and
under-the-sink systems (point of use). Granular carbon
filters
and carbon block systems use the same process of
contaminant
removal, adsorption, by which the contaminant bonds
chemically
or physically to the surface of the filter medium.
Activated
carbon is recognized by the U.S. EPA as the best
available
technology for filtering VOCs and THMs.
Multi-media block filters, like the Aquasana system, utilize
the benefits of activated carbon with several added
advantages.
A blended media is extruded or compressed into a solid
form
with a sub-micron pore structure to filter out sediment and
cysts
like Cryptosporidium and Giardia. This configuration also
prevents
water from channeling around the filter
media.
For best performance it is essential that a multi stage process.
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